Linux 磁盘分区、格式化、目录挂载
2TB以下分区操作方案:
1. 显示当前主机目录
df -h
2.1 显示机器当前的磁盘:
先使用 fdisk -l 列出所有磁盘:
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
带上盘符可以查询具体磁盘的信息:
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/xvdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
2.2 使用 fdisk 命令针对磁盘 /dev/xvdb 进行分区:
对某个磁盘(/dev/sdb)进行分区:
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
完整命令:
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x0adfd119.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n(不需要展开帮助)
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p(选择分区)
Partition number (1-4): 1(选择第1个分区)
First cylinder (1-6527, default 1): (直接回车默认全部容量)
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527):
Using default value 6527
Command (m for help): w(回到最初的一步,输入 w 保存结束)
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
磁盘格式化
格式化磁盘:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
完整演示:
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1(使用ext4格式进行格式化)
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
3276800 inodes, 13107024 blocks
655351 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
400 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
手工挂载
新建需要挂载的目录,例如:/www
mkdir /www
挂载磁盘到目录,例如: /www
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /www
添加开机自动挂载:
vi /etc/fstab
/dev/sdb1 /www ext4 defaults 0 0
2TB以上分区操作方案:
使用命令进入交互模式并且查看当前硬盘分区信息
parted /dev/sdb
输入p
注:如果出现Partition Table: unkown, 没关系,不用管,继续下一步
如果已经存在分区,则需要先删除,删除步骤如下,1 为下面的Number号码:
rm 1
输入p
将分区设置为gpt格式
mklabel gpt
输入yes
进行磁盘分区
mkpart primary 0 -1
Ignore
输入p
退出分区
quit
格式化分区
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
请按照上面的挂载磁盘正常挂载即可。
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